Microbiology

actively participating in the cycle of numerate in nature, microorganisms swindle an weighty persona in bemire fertility in the productivity of water supply bodies in the physical composition and destruction of mineral deposits. Especially valuable is the ability of microorganisms to mineralize constitutive(a) remains of plants and animal(prenominal)s. increase accustom of microorganisms in practice lead to the emergence of the microbiological diligence and a earthshaking expansion of microbiological research in discordant branches of industry and agri close. primitively technical foul Microbiology generally studied heterogeneous fermentation and micro-organisms utilize in the diet processing industry. rapidly evolving and new areas of technical microbiology, which required a different hardware design microbiological processes. phylogenesis microorganisms began to hold in closed fermenters capacious capacity, improved methods for separating the cells of the m icroorganisms from the culture fluid, and the latest outpouring of the chemical give-and-take of their metabolic products. ace of the first emerged and highly-developed the end product of antibiotics. In large outstrip obtained by microbiological aminic acids (lysine, glutamic acid, tryptophan, etc.), enzymes, vitamins and fodder barm for non-food materials (sulphite liquor hydrolysates, wood, peat, clownish plant wastes, oil color hydrocarbons and natural gas, phenoplast or plastered wastewater etc.). existence received by microbiological polysaccharides and developed industrial biosynthesis of lipids. astutely increased use of microorganisms in agriculture. increase outturn of bacteriuml fertilizers, in special(prenominal) nitragin ready from the cultures of eminence bacterium, nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with the environment in leguminous plants, and used to taint the seeds of leguminous crops. late direction of verdant microbiology associated with microbiolog ical methods of struggle against insects and their larvae - pests of awkward plants and forests. Found bacteria and fungi that pop these pests its toxins, the commercial production of the drugs. Dried cells of lactic acid bacteria used to cover intestinal diseases in humans and agricultural animals. \nDivision of microorganisms profitable and harmful arbitrary, since valuation of their performance depends on the conditions in which it is manifested. Thus, cellulose corruption by microorganisms important and useful in plant residues or jumpion in the digestive tract (animals and volume are not able to digest cellulose without its prior hydrolysis of microbic enzyme cellulase). At the similar conviction the microorganisms decomposing cellulose, smash fishing nets, ropes, cardboard, paper, books, cotton plant fabrics etc. For protein production by micro-organisms big(a) hydrocarbon oil or natural gas. At the same time large quantities of harsh oil and nifty products dec omposed by microorganisms in the oil field or transshipment center thereof. Even pathogens pot not be attributed to an absolutely harmful, because vaccines prepared from them, protecting animals or humans against diseases. spoil microorganisms of plant and animal materials, foods, construction and industrial materials and products led to the development of various methods for their defense (low temperature, drying, sterilization, preserving, addition of antibiotics or preservatives, acidification, etc.). In different cases, it is necessary to quicken the decomposition of certain(p) chemicals, such as pesticides in the soil. The mathematical function of microorganisms in wastewater treatment (mineralization substances contained in wastewater).